• The Wnt catenin signaling pathway is a downstream

  2020-04-22

  

  The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a downstream target of SOX9 and is involved in a variety of cellular responses, including cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation [14]. Several studies have identified the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as essential for cartilage function, and it is

• The absence of the LIG gene in yeasts has prevented

  2020-04-22

  

  The absence of the LIG3 gene in yeasts has prevented the use of genetically tractable lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, as models to gain insights into the cellular functions of and interplay between the DNA ligases encoded by the LIG1, LIG3 and LIG4 g

• Saururus chinensis Lour Baill Saururaceae a perennial herb i

  2020-04-22

  

  Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. (Saururaceae), a perennial herb, is widely cultivated in China and southern Korea. It has been traditionally used as folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, jaundice and gonorrhea [8]. Previous chemical studies of S. chinensis have revealed the presence of

• TgTCEA from petals TgTCEA and TgTCEB from pollen

  2020-04-21

  

  TgTCEA from petals (TgTCEA1) and TgTCEB from pollen grains (TgTCEB1) were used throughout the study. The recombinant enzymes were expressed in , and purified as the His-tag-free forms as described previously., Enzyme reactions were performed at 4 mM substrates under the same conditions as described

• Dihydrofolate reductase DHFR is an excellent molecular targe

  2020-04-21

  

  Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an excellent molecular target for this study because it has been and is currently studied by using different molecular modeling techniques [6], [7], [8], [9]. Kerrigan et al. have reported an interesting review about recent progress in molecular dynamics simulations

• Real time PCR as described previously with

  2020-04-21

  

  Real-time PCR, as described previously with minor modifications, was used to detect DNA . The PCR mixture (Qiagen) was as follows: 5mM MgCl2, 2.5μl of 10x PCR Buffer, 0.125μl of HotStarTaq DNA Polymerase, 0.25mM of each dNTP, 0.4μM of each primer and 0.1μM of FAMlabelled probe (‘5-aacaattggagggcaag

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Serum

  2020-04-21

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Serum triglyceride concentrations increase following ingestion of a fat containing meal resulting in postprandial hyperlipidemia. Peak serum triglyceride levels are observed within 2 to 4h of fat consumption and then gradually return to baseline levels within appr

• We further correlated OPRK and

  2020-04-21

  

  We further correlated OPRK1 and OPRM1 methylation levels with individual characteristics in Xinjiang Han and Uygur controls. Partial correlation analyses showed that OPRK1 methylation was positively correlated with age in Uygur male controls (r=0.72, p=0.001, adjusted by body mass index (BMI), gluco

• For the current studies we used the selective

  2020-04-21

  

  For the current studies, we used the selective Epac agonist 8CPT-AM to directly activate the proteins. We chose this pharmacological approach since it allows a direct activation of Epacs rather than using receptor agonists such as PGE2 which could introduce confounding variables. One potential conce

• It is known that cigarette smoke increases the

  2020-04-21

  

  It is known that cigarette smoke increases the oxidative burden in the lungs of mice with emphysema, which leads to oxidative stress [[34], [35], [36]]. However, in addition to cigarette smoke, studies have shown that endogenous oxidative stress is associated with proteolytic pathways cu in several

• Ginsenoside Re lysine mixture had increased anticancer

  2020-04-20

  

  Ginsenoside Re-lysine mixture had increased anticancer effects upon heat processing by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax (Yamabe et al., 2013). Ginsenoside Re (20mg/kg) inhibited NF-κB activation by inhibiting LPS binding to TLR4 on macrophages in TNBS-treated mice (Lee, Hyam, Jang, Han, & Kim, 2012). The ch

• Ezatiostat hydrochloride Initially studies of GPCRs predomin

  2020-04-20

  

  Initially, studies of GPCRs predominantly assessed the signalling pathways downstream of receptors on the cell surface. There is now an understanding that GPCRs can localize to and signal from various intracellular compartments, such as the nucleus (reviewed in [40]). These intracellular pools of re

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion DUSP is

  2020-04-20

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion DUSP1 is a member of the subfamily of the Dusl specific phosphatases (DUSPs). High levels of DUSP1 observed in lung, liver and placenta, and low levels have been found in the Adapalene sodium salt and kidney. DUSP1 has been shown to be elevated in v

• The other interesting observation made during this study rel

  2020-04-20

  

  The other interesting observation made during this study relates to the differences between the discrete IR-induced γH2AX foci and the robust H2AX phosphorylation observed during apoptotic DNA fragmentation. The pattern of H2AX phosphorylation observed during DNA fragmentation possibly reflects the

• br Common features of TdT

  2020-04-20

  

  Common features of TdT, pol μ and pol λ TdT, pol μ and pol λ remain in a closed conformation throughout their catalytic cycle, contrary to pol β [24•, 53, 54•]. One possible explanation for this observation is that they have traded fidelity (which requires open-to-closed transition) for a very ti

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