• br Potential and established risk factor for Alzheimer

  2024-06-12

  

  Potential and established risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease The only way to overcome the above mentioned limitations is the identification of risk factors, which, taken together, can reliable predict the development of AD. Age and ApoE4 are established non-modifiable risk factors for AD. The ri

• The potential use of derivatives belonging to this series as

  2024-06-11

  

  The potential use of derivatives belonging to this series as therapeutic agents mostly depends on their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The pharmacokinetic phase includes absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of the studied compounds. Therefore, preliminary data for theore

• Compounds are representatives of an array of MBG targets rel

  2024-06-11

  

  Compounds – are representatives of an array of MBG targets (, ) related to imidazole standard that were synthesized and initially tested in a rat CYP17 lyase screening assay (). The inhibitors were synthesized as racemates by coupling of 6,7-dimethoxy-naphthalene-2-isopropyl ketone with the requisi

• In the current study we provide evidence

  2024-06-11

  

  In the current study, we provide evidence that enhanced ATX activity correlates well with increased ATX protein concentration during cholestasis and pregnancy (Fig. 1). Hereby we have ruled out the possibility of ATX enzyme activation in these conditions, e.g. by circulating cholephiles. ATX clearan

• br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke

  2024-06-11

  

  Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic Ibandronate sodium injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference i

• We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin

  2024-06-11

  

  We have recently reported a regulatory effect of quercetin on the AChE activity in the brainstem during the demyelination and remyelination process [17]. It has also been observed that there is a protective effect on lipid peroxidation and worsening of motor functions caused by loss of myelin in the

• Activated MAP kinases transform the

  2024-06-08

  

  Activated MAP kinases transform the stimulus into the pathophysiological responses by phosphorylating downstream substrates, including transcription factors, cytoskeletal proteins involved in mRNA translation (Li et al., 2015). Among the numerous effectors that intervene in the TNF-α action is an ac

• br ASK in Huntington s disease

  2024-06-08

  

  ASK1 in Huntington's disease and other polyglutamine diseases The polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders caused by the expansion of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeats in the coding regions of specific genes, leading to the production

• Estrogen exerts its genomic action via estrogen

  2024-06-08

  

  Estrogen exerts its genomic action via corticosterone nuclear receptor: ERα and ERβ. The distribution of ERα and/or ERβ positive neurons in CNS of different species has been mapped extensively by various methods [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], although there are some dif

• Several MAP kinases are involved in the signal transduction

  2024-06-08

  

  Several MAP kinases are involved in the signal transduction pathways that lead to the upregulations of inflammatory mediators. Moreover, transcriptional activations of STATs are regulated by MAP kinases, as evidenced by reports that p38 MAPK is necessary for the S727 phosphorylation of STATs (Kovari

• Consistent with the above prediction there are

  2024-06-08

  

  Consistent with the above prediction, there are additional reports in which HMGA proteins have been demonstrated to facilitate recruitment of chromatin remodeling complexes to gene regulatory regions containing positioned nucleosomes during the transcriptional activation process. One particularly il

• On the contrary Birrel and

  2024-06-08

  

  On the contrary, Birrel and colleagues observed divergent proliferative responses to androgens in different BC cell lines: DHT and mibolerone were found to inhibit the T47-D and ZR-75-1 N-Acetylneuraminic acid growth, while the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was increased by both the androgens [53]. I

• Hyperactivity of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal HPA axis

  2024-06-08

  

  Hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is well described in MDD (Pariante and Lightman, 2008, Marques et al., 2009), is also observed in AD and results in increased glucocorticoid (GC, cortisol in primates) levels in blood and CSF (Davis et al., 1986, Martignoni et al.

• Whereas allostery in the cell is relatively

  2024-06-08

  

  Whereas allostery in the β cell is relatively understudied, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology and mechanistic biology of how AMPK and its upstream kinases govern β cell function. LKB1 phosphorylates AMPKα at Thr172 [21], and loss of LKB1 in β cells abolishes phosphor

• ekb Two cell surface trans membrane receptors have

  2024-06-07

  

  Two cell-surface trans-membrane receptors have been identified for adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 [21], and adiponectin action is known to signal through these receptors and the docking protein APPL1 [22]. In muscle and liver cells, signal transduction involves the phosphorylation and activation o

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